Hey there! That's a really insightful question about lights-out manufacturing. You're right to look beyond just the energy savings - when you remove human oversight, some unexpected challenges definitely pop up. Let me break down what I found:

First, the most critical single points of failure become your automation systems themselves. Without humans on-site to spot issues, a single software bug, network failure, or power fluctuation can bring the entire production line to a halt. There's no one there to do a quick manual override or troubleshoot on the fly.

You also create unexpected dependencies on things like:

1. **Predictive maintenance systems** - These become absolutely critical since there's no human to notice unusual sounds, smells, or vibrations that might indicate equipment problems.

2. **Cybersecurity** - Your factory becomes completely dependent on secure networks and systems. A cyberattack could shut down everything with no human intervention possible.

3. **Supply chain integration** - Automated systems need perfect material flow. If a supplier delivers slightly different materials or packaging, the robots might not handle it properly.

4. **Quality control algorithms** - These have to be perfect because there's no human eye to catch subtle defects that algorithms might miss.

Interestingly, research shows that 40-50% of lights-out initiatives fail because of these unexpected dependencies. The systems that work perfectly with human oversight often reveal hidden weaknesses when humans are removed from the equation.

What's your specific industry or application? That might help identify more specific dependencies you'd need to watch out for!